shed是什么意思

英文词源

shed

shed: English has two distinct words shed. The verb [OE] originally meant ‘divide, separate, split’ (a 14th-century religious poem paraphrased Genesis with ‘the sun to shed the day from the night’), and the modern range of senses, ‘give off, drop’, did not begin to emerge until the Middle English period. It goes back to a prehistoric Germanic *skaithan, which also produced German and Dutch scheiden ‘separate’.

This was derived from a base *skaith- ‘divide, split’, source also of English ski and probably sheath. Shed ‘hut’ [15] may be an alteration of shade (but the shed of watershed is of course a noun use of the verb shed).
=> sheath, ski; shade

shed (n.)

"building for storage," 1855, earlier "light, temporary shelter" (late 15c., shadde), possibly a dialectal variant of a specialized use of shade (n.). Originally of the barest sort of shelter. Or from or influenced in sense development by Middle English schudde (shud) "a shed, hut."

shed (v.)

"cast off," Old English sceadan, scadan "to divide, separate, part company; discriminate, decide; scatter abroad, cast about," strong verb (past tense scead, past participle sceadan), from Proto-Germanic *skaithan (cognates: Old Saxon skethan, Old Frisian sketha, Middle Dutch sceiden, Dutch scheiden, Old High German sceidan, German scheiden "part, separate, distinguish," Gothic skaidan "separate"), from *skaith "divide, split."

According to Klein's sources, this probably is related to PIE root *skei- "to cut, separate, divide, part, split" (cognates: Sanskrit chid-, Greek skhizein, Latin scindere "to split;" Lithuanian skedzu "I make thin, separate, divide;" Old Irish scian "knife;" Welsh chwydu "to break open"). Related: Shedding. A shedding-tooth (1799) was a milk-tooth or baby-tooth.

In reference to animals, "to lose hair, feathers, etc." recorded from c. 1500; of trees losing leaves from 1590s; of clothes, 1858. This verb was used in Old English to gloss Late Latin words in the sense "to discriminate, to decide" that literally mean "to divide, separate" (compare discern). Hence also scead (n.) "separation, distinction; discretion, understanding, reason;" sceadwisnes "discrimination, discretion."